Journal: Communications Biology

Article Title: Boundary conditions investigation to improve computer simulation of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in hydrocephalus patients

doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-01920-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: a The values of the maximum aqueductal CSF stroke volume for healthy subjects and patients under BCs “A”, “B”, and “C”. It should be noted that there were 8 healthy subjects and 11 hydrocephalus patients in this study. b compares the CSF pressure diagrams in the SAS and CA of patient No. 7 under BCs “A”, “B”, and “C”. c – e display three snapshots of CSF pressure distribution under BC “B” in the patient No. 7 at 17.5% (mid-systole), 64% (diastole), and 84% (early systole) of the cardiac cycle, respectively. The units of the color scale are Pascal. Panels ( f ) and ( g ), respectively, show the CSF velocity diagram calculated with FSI simulation and the in vivo-measured diagram based on the cardiac cycle under BC “C” in the CA of patient No. 7. Raw data for Fig. 1a are included in Supplementary Data . CV coefficient of variation, SE standard error, BC boundary condition, CSF cerebrospinal fluid, CA cerebral aqueduct.

Article Snippet: As mentioned before, the ventricular system volume and CSF pressure in SAS can reveal ICC, a valuable index for analyzing hydrocephalus patients’ conditions during the treatment process.

Techniques: In Vivo

Journal: Communications Biology

Article Title: Boundary conditions investigation to improve computer simulation of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in hydrocephalus patients

doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-01920-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: The maximum CSF pressure details and volumes of head substructures of the eight healthy subjects.

Article Snippet: As mentioned before, the ventricular system volume and CSF pressure in SAS can reveal ICC, a valuable index for analyzing hydrocephalus patients’ conditions during the treatment process.

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: Communications Biology

Article Title: Boundary conditions investigation to improve computer simulation of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in hydrocephalus patients

doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-01920-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: The maximum CSF pressure details and volumes of head substructures of the 11 patients.

Article Snippet: As mentioned before, the ventricular system volume and CSF pressure in SAS can reveal ICC, a valuable index for analyzing hydrocephalus patients’ conditions during the treatment process.

Techniques: Standard Deviation

Journal: Communications Biology

Article Title: Boundary conditions investigation to improve computer simulation of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in hydrocephalus patients

doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-01920-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: a – c The comparison between the FSI simulation data and CINE PC-MRI data of the maximum CSF velocity in the CA of all healthy subjects and patients under BCs “A”, “B”, and “C”, respectively. d – f The PCC values between the maximum CSF pressure in SAS and the ventricular system volume of patients under BCs “A”, “B”, and “C”, respectively. g The comparison between the FSI and CFD data of the maximum CSF pressure in SAS of all the patients under BC “C”. It should be noted that there were 8 healthy subjects and 11 hydrocephalus patients in this study. Raw data for a – c are included in Supplementary Data file . Raw data for d – g are included in Tables and . SE standard error, SD standard deviation, BC boundary condition, CSF cerebrospinal fluid, CA cerebral aqueduct, SAS subarachnoid space, CFD computational fluid dynamics, FSI fluid–structure interaction, PCC Pearson correlation coefficient.

Article Snippet: As mentioned before, the ventricular system volume and CSF pressure in SAS can reveal ICC, a valuable index for analyzing hydrocephalus patients’ conditions during the treatment process.

Techniques: Comparison, Standard Deviation

Journal: Communications Biology

Article Title: Boundary conditions investigation to improve computer simulation of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in hydrocephalus patients

doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-01920-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: a shows the locations of the head substructures. b , c show the head MRI images for patient No. 7. d shows the 3D geometrical model of SAS for patient No. 7. e shows mesh modeling of the ventricular system. f shows the inlet and outlet flow-rate diagrams in BC “C”. g , h show mesh convergence study for the maximum CSF pressure in SAS and the maximum CSF velocity in CA under the BC “B” of the patient No. 7, respectively. BC boundary condition, CSF cerebrospinal fluid, CA cerebral aqueduct, SAS subarachnoid space.

Article Snippet: As mentioned before, the ventricular system volume and CSF pressure in SAS can reveal ICC, a valuable index for analyzing hydrocephalus patients’ conditions during the treatment process.

Techniques:

Journal: Communications Biology

Article Title: Boundary conditions investigation to improve computer simulation of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in hydrocephalus patients

doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-01920-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: The maximum CSF velocities and pressures of all patients in three computational grids, and number of fine-mesh under BC “C”.

Article Snippet: As mentioned before, the ventricular system volume and CSF pressure in SAS can reveal ICC, a valuable index for analyzing hydrocephalus patients’ conditions during the treatment process.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

Article Title: Metabolic Response of the Immature Right Ventricle to Acute Pressure Overloading

doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.008570

Figure Lengend Snippet: Diagram of experimental protocol (A) and typical representative pressure changes in Control and PAB groups (B and C). Target RV systolic pressure for PAB was greater than 2‐fold baseline RV systolic pressure obtained just after opening the chest. The banding tape was looped around the PA without constriction for pigs in the Control group. After stabilization of hemodynamic data for 60 minutes, 13 C‐labeled substrates were infused through the right coronary artery for 60 minutes. Samples of RV tissue were collected at the end of the infusion. Pigs with severely tightened PAB exhibited unrecoverable hemodynamic instability with a severe decline of LV and systemic arterial blood pressure ( SBP ) (B). Values are means± SE ; n=11 per group. * P <0.05; ** P <0.01 vs Control. 13 C indicates Carbon 13; CO, cardiac output; EDP, end‐diastolic pressure; HR, heart rate; LV , left ventricular; LVEDP, left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure; PAB , pulmonary artery banding; RPP, rate‐pressure product; RV , right ventricular; RVEDP, right ventricular end‐diastolic pressure; RVSP/LVSP, RV‐to‐LV systolic pressure ratio; SP, systolic blood pressure.

Article Snippet: After median sternotomy, a flow probe (Transonic Systems Inc, Ithaca, NY) around the ascending aorta was attached, and both ventricular pressure catheters (Millar Instruments, Houston, TX) and pulmonary artery pressure catheter (24‐gauge angio catheter) were directly inserted.

Techniques: Control, Labeling

Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

Article Title: Metabolic Response of the Immature Right Ventricle to Acute Pressure Overloading

doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.008570

Figure Lengend Snippet: Myocardial energy metabolite ratios. These data were analyzed by 1 H‐ NMR spectra from RV samples obtained by freeze clamping at the end of the protocol. Representative 1 H‐ NMR spectra are shown in (A); special regions (a) 3.0 to 4.0 ppm, (b) 4.0 to 6.5 ppm and (c) 8.0 to 9.4 ppm. Analyzed data (B) showed that PAB group demonstrated significantly lower [ PC r]/[ ATP ] than the Control group. [ NADH ]/[ NAD + ] was not statistically different between the 2 groups. [ PC r]/[ ATP ] in PAB group inversely correlated with RVSP / LVSP (C). Values are presented as means± SE ; n=7 per group. * P <0.05 vs Control. ADP indicates adenosine diphosphate; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; AU, arbitrary units; Cr, creatine; PCr, phosphocreatine; NAD + , the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NADH, the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NADP + , the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NADPH, the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; NS, non‐significant; ppm, parts per million; PAB, pulmonary artery banding; RVSP / LVSP , right ventricular to left ventricular systolic pressure ratio; SP, systolic pressure.

Article Snippet: After median sternotomy, a flow probe (Transonic Systems Inc, Ithaca, NY) around the ascending aorta was attached, and both ventricular pressure catheters (Millar Instruments, Houston, TX) and pulmonary artery pressure catheter (24‐gauge angio catheter) were directly inserted.

Techniques: Control, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Spectroscopy

Journal: Cardiovascular Ultrasound

Article Title: Left ventricular twist is load-dependent as shown in a large animal model with controlled cardiac load

doi: 10.1186/1476-7120-10-26

Figure Lengend Snippet: Left ventricular parameters during vena cava occlusion, first and last beat

Article Snippet: Left ventricular pressure (Sentron, Roden, The Netherlands) and conductance data were recorded with a frequency of 250 Hz (PC Conduct, Cardiodynamics, Zoetermeer, The Nether-lands).

Techniques: Tandem Mass Spectroscopy

Journal: Cardiovascular Ultrasound

Article Title: Left ventricular twist is load-dependent as shown in a large animal model with controlled cardiac load

doi: 10.1186/1476-7120-10-26

Figure Lengend Snippet: Left ventricular parameters during control, adrenaline and beta-blockade

Article Snippet: Left ventricular pressure (Sentron, Roden, The Netherlands) and conductance data were recorded with a frequency of 250 Hz (PC Conduct, Cardiodynamics, Zoetermeer, The Nether-lands).

Techniques: Control, Tandem Mass Spectroscopy